Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices (KAP) on the Use of Non-Pharmacological Interventions for Menstrual Cramps Among Female Student Nurses and Midwives at Holy Family NMTC, Berekum

Abstract

Menstrual cramps, also known as dysmenorrhea, are a common health concern among adolescent and young adult females, often affecting their academic performance and quality of life. This study assessed the knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding the use of non-pharmacological interventions (NPIs) for managing menstrual cramps among female nursing and midwifery students at Holy Family Nursing and Midwifery Training College, Berekum. A descriptive cross-sectional survey design was employed, using a structured questionnaire to collect data from 186 respondents selected through stratified random sampling. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25, and results were presented using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages. Findings revealed that 87.6% of participants had heard of NPIs, with common methods known including the use of hot water bottles (82.3%), exercise (68.3%), and dietary changes (53.8%). While a majority (57.5%) believed these methods were moderately effective, only 49.5% reported using NPIs as a first option. Overall, 60.8% had practiced at least one NPI, with ease of access, cost-effectiveness, and recommendations by peers being key influencing factors. However, 21.5% reported that such methods were not readily available. The study concludes that although awareness of NPIs is relatively high, gaps still exist in their consistent use and perceived effectiveness. Strengthening education on menstrual health, improving accessibility of non-drug remedies, and integrating NPIs into nursing curricula could enhance their utilization.